Newspapers in the Indian Territory

Fifteen newspapers were published in Indian Territory. The Cherokees published one. The Cherokee Advocate, a national paper in English and Cherokee; The Chickasaw Nation had seven papers, all by non-citizens and whites; and the Choctaws printed three newspapers, one of which was Indian. Four newspapers were published in the Creek Nation; the Seminoles had none.

Five Civilized Tribes

The Five Civilized Tribes--the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole--were the latgest and most numerous tribes in the Indian Territory. During the Revolutionary War they occupied lands in the Colonial Southeast, from the Carolinas and Florida to Tennessee and Mississippi.